Analysis of pharmacodynamic components, targets and synergistic action mechanism of Fuyuan Shenghua granule for the treatment of medical-induced incomplete abortion based on network pharmacology

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Fuyuan Shenghua Granule (FYSHG) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation widely used in our hospital for the treatment of incomplete postpartum uterine repair. However, its pharmacological action, main components, and synergistic mechanism are still unclear. Aim of the study: The study aims to verify the pharmacological action, identify the main components and explore the synergistic mechanisms of FYSHG for the treatment of medical-induced incomplete abortion. Materials and methods: The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was employed to identify the main components of FYSHG after extraction with water and methanol. A medical-induced incomplete abortion rat model was established, and the uterine status was evaluated by morphological and H&E staining analysis. The KEGG enrichment analysis and network pharmacology analysis were used to screen the potential synergistic mechanisms of FYSHG. Hemorheological analysis was employed to analyze the blood viscosity and coagulation of FYSHG-treated rats. The ELISA was used to measure the concentration of E2, progesterone, RCG, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF. The Western blot analysis was employed to measure the protein expression of p38 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. Results: A total 106 of components of FYSHG were identified and characterized rapidly by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS technology. Intragastric administration of FYSHG could play a role in promoting uterine involution in rats with medical-induced incomplete abortion. The analysis of its components and targets by network pharmacology showed that the synergetic effect of FYSHG on anti-uterine involution mainly focused on anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and hormone regulation. ELISA and Western blot analysis showed that FYSHG mainly inhibited the protein expression of p38 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. Conclusions: Our study suggested that FYSHG suppressed the p38 and NF-kappa B signaling pathway to alleviate inflammation, regulate coagulant function, and correct hormone level, which might contribute to the treatment of medical-induced incomplete abortion.