A Rare Case of Metastatic Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung in a Follow-Up Patient of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia on Imatinib Treatment

Imatinib has an excellent long-term survival rate and significantly ameliorates the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia during the past few decades. There is now a concern that first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors can cause secondary neoplasms. Here, we describe a case of a 49-year-old non-smoker male who was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukaemia and treated with imatinib. After 15 years of treatment, an incidental right cervical lymphadenopathy was noted. The fine needle aspiration cytology from the lymph node revealed the small round cell morphology. In order to identify the primary lesion, computerised tomography of the thorax and abdomen was advised, which revealed a diagnosis of small cell carcinoma lung. In the index case report, we will discuss the potential side effects of first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors on a long-term basis along with treatment protocols for metastatic small cell carcinoma lung in a disease-free follow-up case of chronic myeloid leukaemia.