Nucleic acid-based artificial nanocarriers for gene therapy

被引:17
作者
Zhu, Longyi [1 ]
Luo, Jun [1 ]
Ren, Kewei [1 ]
机构
[1] Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Nanjing 210094, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
POLYMERIC SIRNA NANOPARTICLES; ROLLING CIRCLE TRANSCRIPTION; ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY; RNA NANOPARTICLES; TARGETED SIRNA; EMERGING FIELD; MICRORNA DELIVERY; SYSTEMIC DELIVERY; NONVIRAL VECTORS;
D O I
10.1039/d2tb01179d
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学]; R318.08 [生物材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080501 ; 080502 ;
摘要
Nucleic acid nanotechnology is a powerful tool in the fields of biosensing and nanomedicine owing to their high editability and easy synthesis and modification. Artificial nucleic acid nanostructures have become an emerging research hotspot as gene carriers with low cytotoxicity and immunogenicity for therapeutic approaches. In this review, recent progress in the design and functional mechanisms of nucleic acid-based artificial nano-vectors especially for exogenous siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide delivery is summarized. Different types of DNA nanocarriers, including DNA junctions, tetrahedrons, origami, hydrogels and scaffolds, are introduced. The enhanced targeting strategies to improve the delivery efficacy are demonstrated. Furthermore, RNA based gene nanocarrier systems by self-assembly of short strands, rolling circle transcription, chemical crosslinking and using RNA motifs and DNA-RNA hybrids are demonstrated. Finally, the outlook and potential challenges are highlighted. The nucleic acid-based artificial nanocarriers offer a promising and precise tool for gene delivery and therapy.
引用
收藏
页码:261 / 279
页数:19
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