Formulation development and in vivo evaluation of nanoemulgel containing Adhatoda vasaka (L.) Nees extract for wound healing activity

Development, characterization and biological evaluation of nanoemulgel loaded with Adhatoda vasaka (L.) Nees (also called Adhatoda vasica) extract (VE) were done. Nanoemulgels have the potential for the delivery of numerous herbal medications. Traditional remedies may be favored over contemporary treatments due to their cost-effectiveness, limited adverse effects, and efficacy. A. vasaka extract (VE) was prepared by the cold percolation technique, while the nanoemulgel containing VE was developed through homogenization. Chemical test; namely, Dragendroff's, Mayer's and Hager's tests were conducted to confirm the presence of alkaloids in the formulated nanoemulgel enriched with VE. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique was used for the qualitative analysis of both A. vasaka extract. Among the six formulations, one formulation (VENEG4) exhibited stability, with no instances of phase separation or color alteration observed. The pH of VENEG4 nanoemulgel formulation was found to be 6.5 +/- 0.98. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that the globules in VENEG4 were within the nano range (<100 nm). In vivo wound healing study, histological and biomarker analysis showed more effective wound healing in VENEG4 treated group than other groups. The result of our study indicates that nanoemulgel containing A. vasaka extract exhibits wound-healing potential.