Green human resource management and economic, social and environmental performance: Evidence from the Spanish wine industry

The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on the economic, social, and environmental performance of Spanish wineries. Additionally, age, size, and Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) membership are introduced as control variables in order to increase the accuracy of the cause-effect associations examined. To reach this objective, a conceptual model has been constructed and assessed through Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using data gathered from a survey conducted between September 2022 and January 2023, involving 196 Spanish wineries. The results demonstrate the occurrence of a positive and meaningful relationship between GHRM activities and the three yield typologies assessed in the Spanish wine context. This study is novel in the academic literature on environmental and human resource management, since, to the best of our knowledge, no previous research has looked into the effect of GHRM on the sustainable performance of Spanish wineries. Thus, it is useful for both academics and wine industry professionals who are examining potential variables that can catalyze winery performance.