Ophthalmological Findings in Joubert Syndrome and Related Disorders

Joubert syndrome (JS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by congenital malformation of the mid-hindbrain, cerebellar ataxia, hypotonia, oculomotor apraxia, hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis resulting in breathing defects, ataxia, and delayed development. Ophthalmological examination reveals eye involvement with nystagmus and retinal defects. Genetic counseling is important for the prevention of new cases. Great advances have been made in recent years. Management is symptomatic and multidisciplinary. In the present review, we discussed the most frequent ophthalmological anomalies associated with JS and speculated on the role of ciliary physiology in eye development.