Solvent-assisted dechlorophyllization of Psidium guajava']java leaf extract: Effects on the polyphenol content, cytocompatibility, antibacterial, anti- inflammatory, and anticancer activities

This study investigated the effect of dechlorophyllization on the phytochemistry, polyphenol contents, and bio-logical activities of Psidium guajava leaf ethanolic extracts with chlorophyll (PGE), chloroform dechlorophyl-lized (PGC), and sedimentation dechlorophyllized (PGS). Phytochemical profiling results demonstrated that PGE, PGC, and PGS extract contained 0.67 +/- 0.01, 0.89 +/- 0.03, and 0.62 +/- 0.02 mu g/mg of quercetin, respectively. Psidium guajava leaf extract demonstrated bacteriostatic activity against Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis with a minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 128 to 512 mu g/mL. The extract dechlorophyllized using sedimentation process significantly attenuated H2O2-induced macrophage cell mortality at 125 mu g/mL, compared to PGE and PGC (250 mu g/mL). Psidium gua-java leaf extract, showed anti-inflammatory activity against lipopolysaccharide stimulated macrophage cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 40.81, 91.27, and 65.54 mu g/mL, respectively. Dechlorophyllized extract showed < 1% hemolysis on red blood, whereas PGE showed 5.09 +/- 0.13% hemolytic effect. The cyto-compatibility assay showed the IC50 values of PGC, PGS and PGE were 161.2 mu g/mL, 191.2 mu g/mL, and 248.2 mu g/mL against oral squamous carcinoma cells. Moreover, PGE, PGC, and PGS significantly inhibited migration and colony formation of carcinoma cells. Our findings revealed that dechlorophyllization signifi-cantly impacted on the phytochemical contents and biological activities of P. guajava leaf extracts. (c) 2023 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.