Design and validate a wide-bandwidth, high-performance tunable metamaterial based on cultural-innovation shell materials and its sensing applications

The application of metamaterials in controllable thermal emission devices is an interesting field. However, most of the demonstrated thermal emitters required continuous consumption of external energy (electrical or thermal) to provide an effective thermal emissivity. Here, a metamaterial containing phase change materials Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) and shell materials with controllable thermal emission power was proposed and measured. Based on the completely amorphous state of the GST layer, an emissivity of 0.212 at wavelength 7.11 mu m was achieved by this this metamaterial, while a thermal emission band (with an average amplitude of 0.857 and a bandwidth of 6.16 mu m) was excited for the crystalline state. Moreover, numerous thermal emission states were excited by this metamaterial based on the intermediate states between completely amorphous and crystalline states of the GST layer. Tunability of the thermal emission window was obtained by this metamaterial sample. The temperature sensitivity of this metamaterial thermal emitter was 341 nm degrees C-1. By increasing the thickness of the GST or shell layers, the thermal emission performance of the metamaterial was enhanced. Since the phase transition of GST does not require the continuous consumption of external energy, the metamaterial has the potential to be used in the development of low-power heat emitters, as well as temperature sensors.