Nanoimmunosensor for the electrochemical detection of oncostatin M receptor and monoclonal autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic, autoimmune disease that primarily affects connective tissue. SSc can be classified into limited cutaneous (lSSc) and diffuse cutaneous (dSSc). Oncostatin M receptor (sOSMR) is an important inflammatory biomarker expressed in the serum of patients with autoimmune diseases. A nano -engineered immunosensor surface was developed. The biosensor was composed of a conductive layer of poly-pyrrole, electrodeposited gold nanoparticles, and sOSMR protein for anti-human OSMR monoclonal antibody biorecognition. The electrochemical response evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated the detection of the target analyte present in clinical samples from lSSc and dSSc patients. The voltammetric anodic shift for lSSc specimens was 82.7% +/- 0.9-93.6% +/- 3.2, and dSSc specimens was 118.7 +/- 2.6 to 379.6 +/- 2.6, revealing a differential diagnostic character for SSc subtypes. The sensor platform was adapted for identifying sOSMR, using anti-OSMR antibodies as bioreceptors. With a linear response range esti-mated from 0.005 to 500 pg mL-1 and a limit of detection of 0.42 pg mL-1, the sensing strategy demonstrated high sensitivity in identifying the human OSMR protein in clinical samples. The proposed biosensor is a prom-ising and innovative tool for SSc-related biomarker research.