The COSPAR Planetary Protection Policy for robotic missions to Mars: A review of current scientific knowledge and future perspectives

被引：15

作者：

Olsson-Francis, Karen ^{[1
]}

Doran, Peter T. ^{[2
]}

Ilyin, Vyacheslav ^{[3
]}

Raulin, Francois ^{[4
]}

Rettberg, Petra ^{[5
]}

Kminek, Gerhard ^{[6
]}

Mier, Maria-Paz Zorzano ^{[7
]}

Coustenis, Athena ^{[8
]}

Hedman, Niklas ^{[9
]}

Al Shehhi, Omar ^{[10
]}

Ammannito, Eleonora ^{[11
]}

Bernardini, James ^{[12
]}

Fujimoto, Masaki ^{[13
]}

Grasset, Olivier ^{[14
]}

Groen, Frank ^{[12
]}

Hayes, Alex ^{[15
]}

Gallagher, Sarah ^{[16
]}

Kumar, K. Praveen ^{[17
]}

Mustin, Christian ^{[18
]}

Nakamura, Akiko ^{[19
]}

Seasly, Elaine ^{[12
]}

Suzuki, Yohey ^{[19
]}

Peng, Jing ^{[20
]}

Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga ^{[7
]}

Sinibaldi, Silvio ^{[6
]}

Xu, Kanyan ^{[21
]}

Zaitsev, Maxim

机构：

[1] Open Univ, Fac Sci Technol Engn & Math, AstrobiologyOU, Milton Keynes, England

[2] Dept Geol & Geophys, Baton Rouge, LA USA

[3] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biomed Problems, Moscow, Russia

[4] Univ Paris Est Cr Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Paris Cite, CNRS, LISA, F-94010 Cretil, France

[5] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Aerosp Med, Radiat Biol Dept, Res Grp Astrobiol, D-51147 Cologne, Germany

[6] European Space Agcy, Noordwijk, Netherlands

[7] CSIC, Ctr Astrobiol CAB, INTA, Carretera Ajalvir Km 4, Torrejon De Ardoz 28850, Madrid, Spain

[8] Paris Univ, PSL Univ, LESIA, Paris Observ, F-92195 Meudon, France

[9] United Nations Off Vienna, Off Outer Space Affairs, Comm Policy & Legal Affairs Sect, Vienna, Austria

[10] UAESA, Space Res Inst, Planetary Phys Dept, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates

[11] Italian Space Agcy ASI, Rome, Italy

[12] Off Safety & Mission Assurance, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA

[13] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci ISAS, Kanagawa, Japan

[14] Nantes Univ, Nantes, France

[15] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[16] Western Univ, Inst Earth & Space Explorat, London, ON, Canada

[17] Indian Space Res Org ISRO, Bengaluru, India

[18] Ctr Natl Etud Spatiales CNES, Paris, France

[19] Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 7-3-1 Hongo,Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[20] China Natl Space Adm, Beijing, Peoples R China

[21] Chinese Acad Space Technol, Lab Space Microbiol, Shenzhou Space Biotechnol Grp, Beijing, Peoples R China

来源：

LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH | 2023年 / 36卷

关键词：

Planetatry Protection; Mars; COSPAR Panel on Planetary Protection; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; MARTIAN SURFACE; GALE CRATER; SURVIVAL; DUST; RADIATION; SPACE; SPORES; MICROORGANISMS; PERCHLORATES;

D O I：

10.1016/j.lssr.2022.12.001

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Planetary protection guidance for martian exploration has become a notable point of discussion over the last decade. This is due to increased scientific interest in the habitability of the red planet with updated techniques, missions becoming more attainable by smaller space agencies, and both the private sector and governments engaging in activities to facilitate commercial opportunities and human-crewed missions. The international standards for planetary protection have been developed through consultation with the scientific community and the space agencies by the Committee on Space Research's (COSPAR) Panel on Planetary Protection, which provides guidance for compliance with the Outer Space Treaty of 1967. In 2021, the Panel evaluated recent scientific data and literature regarding the planetary protection requirements for Mars and the implications of this on the guidelines. In this paper, we discuss the COSPAR Planetary Protection Policy for Mars, review the new scientific findings and discuss the next steps required to enable the next generation of robotic missions to Mars.

引用

页码：27 / 35

页数：9

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