An elaborative discussion on the potentiality, functional characteristics, curative effects, antinutritional factors, processing, and industrial applications of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) as a versatile legume

Globally, 60% of protein consumption comes from plant-based sources. By exploring the potential of plant-based proteins and incorporating them into diverse food options, we can not only enhance the sustainability of our food systems but also contribute to a more balanced and environmentally conscious society. Due to the limited availability of conventional food proteins, there has been a persistent exploration for alternative legume sources for addressing the need for protein-based foods. Faba bean is a type of pulse that stands out among other legumes due to its high protein content (26.1%) and dietary fibre (25.0%). Faba beans and their derivatives have been suggested as potentially beneficial foods for individuals with diabetes and hypertension. However, faba beans contain some antinutritional factors (ANFs). These antinutrients can have adverse effects on digestion and nutrient absorption. Various strategies like thermal and non-thermal processing methods have been employed to reduce the ANF content and improve nutritional functionality in faba beans. The applications of faba beans and their potential as replacements for traditional ingredients in various food products are described. By utilising processed fava bean products, novel food formulations and applications can be created, catering to the growing demand for healthier and functional food options.