Dissecting the efficacy of the use of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI): A systematic review and metaanalysis

Premature ovarian insufficiency is a multi-factor gynecological disease that has become a major global health problem. In recent years, several trials have explored the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency using Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture, but the efficacy and safety of this combination remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining Chinese herbal medicine with acupuncture to treat premature ovarian insufficiency. From eight different databases, we retrieved randomized controlled trials wherein Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture had been compared with western medicine in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency. The bias risk assessment stipulated by the Cochrane Collaboration's tool was utilized to evaluate the quality of the chosen randomized controlled trials. This meta-analysis was executed with the help of Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 10.0. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. A total of 10 randomized controlled trials involving 594 premature ovarian insufficiency patients were included in the analysis. Compared with western medicine, co-treatment with acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine exhibited a significantly higher total effective rate (relative risk: 1.21; 95% confidence interval: 1.12-1.31; P < 0.01, I-2 = 0%), but lower levels of luteinizing hormone (standardized mean difference: -0.57; 95% confidence interval: -1.06, -0.08; P < 0.05, I-2 = 80%), follicle-stimulating hormone, and Kupperman index score. Moreover, the combined intervention increased estradiol level in the serum. Overall, the data demonstrate that acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine is an efficacious and safe treatment option for POI patients. These findings must be verified by conducting large-scale, multicenter, high-quality, and long-term randomized controlled trials.