ON THE GLOBAL DEMOCRATIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Democracy is crucial because of its ability to ensure citizen participation, protect fundamental rights, and foster accountability. However, in the 21st century, challenges have arisen that can affect it. Political polarization and social fragmentation make consensus difficult and weaken democratic functioning, technological advances pose challenges for privacy and individual freedom, such as mass surveillance and state control online, but at the same time global problems such as change climate change require international cooperation, although political polarization and a focus on national interests make collective action difficult. Recognizing these challenges and acting accordingly is essential to ensure that democracy continues to be a solid political system that responds to the needs and demands of society. Considering the above, the paper examines the modern democratic transformations taking place in the world, and in Azerbaijan in the context of socio-economic and political conditions created by the global environment. Negative and positive parameters of global and regional democracy are addressed, as well as the impact on the country's state structure system.