Detailed analysis on nonedible waste feedstock as a renewable cutting fluid for a sustainable machining process

Cutting fluids (CF) act as lubricating and cooling agents on the cutting zone during machining. Mostly, the oils derived from minerals act as CF, which adversely affect the environment and humans. Hence, replacing mineral oil with bio-oil derived from synthetic and vegetable oils is necessary. Bio-oil extracted from raw nonedible sources has become a reliable source for green cutting fluids in recent years. Bio-oil usage in machining eliminates numerous health issues such as ingestion, hazardous aerosols, and skin irritations produced by conventional cutting fluids. This study examines attaining renewable manufacturing by employing eco-friendly bio-oil cutting fluid. This study's objective is to examine the performance of transesterified mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) oil (MO) as bio-oil-based CF. Post conversion of mesquite oil to methyl ester (MME), MME was inspected for, density, and viscosity as per the ASTM conditions. MME was compared with MO and synthetic ester (SE) on the orthogonal cutting condition to examine the suitability. Results revealed that the bio-oil provided better and natural lubrication than a synthetic ester. Further, it also improved the lubrication which improved the surface finish than a synthetic ester. Higher-lubricating property forms a strong film layer on the workpiece surface and lowered the working temperature than a synthetic ester. Hence, it is concluded that MME acts as an improved lubricant and shall be a potential candidate to replace synthetic ester as a cutting fluid.