Impact of magnetic field localization on the vortex generation in hybrid nanofluid flow

The term "vortex" refers to a region in a fluid where the flow spin around an axis line, which could be flat or curved. Vortices can twist, stretch, move, and interact in several situations, once they are formed. The angular and linear momentum, along with some energy and mass, are all noticeable in a rotating vortex. Descriptions of vortices developed in various flows include smoke rings, dust devils, cyclones, and the wind surrounding a tropical tornado. The existence of vortices in the natural environment makes it important for researchers to explore them when and wherever they are encountered. Magnetic field effects include numerous technical applications such as: B. Extraction of geothermal energy, casting of metals, cooling of nuclear reactors. Hybrid nanofluids, on the other hand, are more effectively accepted as next-generation thermal systems in automotive cooling applications, heat exchangers, and HVAC due to their higher thermophysical properties. The purpose of this work is to study how local magnetic fields affect the magnetic flux of a hybrid nanofluid inside an enclosure induced by a magnetic source. We implement a single-phase model (SPM) to classify hybrid nanofluids and computationally evaluate the associated partial differential equations (PDEs). The results reflect that the localized magnetic field generates a counter-rotating vortex in the flow which breaks apart the other vortex and hence becomes strengthened. The vortex elongates along the direction of the localized magnetic field and tends to occupy a major part of the cavity. Magnetic field decreases in the thermal gradient near the horizontal walls of the enclosure. The faster-moving lids cause more rigorous mixing of the layer of fluid at different temperatures, which distorts the uniformity of the pattern of isotherms. Finally, heat transport is more affected by the magnetic field as compared to skin friction.