Optimized hill climbing algorithm for an islanded solar photovoltaic system

Conventional energy generation technologies face unreliability due to the depletion of fossil fuels, soaring energy prices, greenhouse gas emissions, and continuously increasing energy demand. As a result, researchers are searching for reliable, cheap, and environmentally friendly renewable energy technologies. Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology, which directly converts sunlight into electricity, is the most attractive sustainable energy source due to the sun's ubiquitous presence. However, the non-linear behaviour of solar PV demands maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to ensure optimal power production. Although Hill Climbing (HC) is a simple, cheap, and efficient MPPT algorithm, it has a drawback of steady-state oscillations around MPP under uniform weather conditions. To overcome this weakness, we propose some modifications in the tracking structure of the HC algorithm. The proposed optimized HC (OHC) algorithm achieves zero steady-state oscillations without compromising the strength of the conventional HC algorithm. We applied both algorithms to an off-grid PV system under constant and changing weather conditions, and the results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed OHC algorithm over the conventional HC algorithm.