Room-Temperature Magnetic Phase Transition in an Electrically Tuned van der Waals Ferromagnet

Finding tunable van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets that operate at above room temperature is an important research focus in physics and materials science. Most vdW magnets are only intrinsically magnetic far below room temperature and magnetism with square-shaped hysteresis at room temperature has yet to be observed. Here, we report magnetism in a quasi-2D magnet Cr1.2Te2 observed at room temperature (290 K). This magnetism was tuned via a protonic gate with an electron doping concentration up to 3.8 x 1021 cm-3. We observed nonmonotonic evolutions in both coercivity and anomalous Hall resistivity. Under increased electron doping, the coercivities and anomalous Hall effects (AHEs) vanished, indicating a doping-induced magnetic phase transition. This occurred up to room temperature. DFT calculations showed the formation of an antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase caused by the intercalation of protons which induced significant electron doping in the Cr1.2Te2. The tunability of the magnetic properties and phase in room temperature magnetic vdW Cr1.2Te2 is a significant step towards practical spintronic devices.