Improvement of power quality by using novel controller for hybrid renewable energy sources based microgrid

Due to the intermittence of renewable sources, reliable customer service is not guaranteed unless hybrid-energy systems emerged with energy storage is employed together with an appropriate energy management system (EMS). Usually integrating different renewable energy sources can able to supply a reliable power to consumers. In this paper, an efficient EMS for a four-wire, 1000 kW Microgrid system is presented. The studied system consists of three wind farms and three solar plants with a central link to battery banks, an electrolyzer, and a fuel-cell system. A hybrid optimization algorithm is adapted to track the maximum power of PV arrays under variable weather and partial shading conditions. The tracking algorithm merges the benefits of the Whale Optimization and Perturb-and-Observe (P&O) technique. To track the maximum available power of wind plants, a P&O algorithm is established by calculating the proper duty cycle of a boost dc/dc converter that regulates the load current. A TS-Fuzzy-based controller for the inverter is applied to provide an acceptable power quality level associated with the battery bank, electrolyzer, and fuel cell. The suggested inverter controllers provide multi tasks such as reactive power compensator, voltage regulator under unbalanced loads, and active filter. The validity of the proposed system is verified via Extensive Hardware-in-Loop (HIL).