First-Year Engineering Students' Experiences and Motivation Amid Emergency Remote Instruction

Contribution: The study provides empirical evidence and a deeper understanding of COVID-19's impact on first-year engineering (FYE) students' learning experiences and motivation while accounting for gender and race/ethnicity-based variations.Background: In the Spring 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced campuses to close and shift unexpectedly to emergency remote instruction. These rapid transitions impacted all students, including FYE students.Research Questions: Based on the importance of the first-year experience of engineering students, this study investigated two research questions: 1) How does the rapid transition to emergency remote instruction affect FYE students' learning experiences? and 2) How do students' learning experiences during the pandemic relate to their motivation (self-efficacy and task value)?Methodology: A multimethod approach is used to investigate students' experiences on two dimensions: 1) engagement, learning, effort, concentration, interest, and interactions and 2) time management, study settings, and resources, by using ANOVA, regression models, and structural equation modeling (SEM).Results: Students who reported increased value of learning experiences reported higher self-efficacy and task value. Also, the results indicated that international students reported increased learning of new concepts, concentration in the class, interactions with instructors, and higher self-efficacy, while White and Asian students reported higher task value and availability of resources.