Juxtaposition of intensive agriculture, vulnerable aquifers, and mixed chemical/microbial exposures in private-well tapwater in northeast Iowa

被引：13

作者：

Bradley, Paul M. ^{[1
]}

Kolpin, Dana W. ^{[2
]}

Thompson, Darrin A. ^{[3
]}

Romanok, Kristin M. ^{[4
]}

Smalling, Kelly L. ^{[4
]}

Breitmeyer, Sara E. ^{[4
]}

Cardon, Mary C. ^{[5
]}

Cwiertny, David M. ^{[3
]}

Evans, Nicola ^{[5
]}

Field, R. William ^{[3
]}

Focazio, Michael J. ^{[6
]}

Freeman, Laura E. Beane ^{[7
]}

Givens, Carrie E. ^{[8
]}

Gray, James L. ^{[9
]}

Hager, Gordon L. ^{[7
]}

Hladik, Michelle L. ^{[10
]}

Hofmann, Jonathan N. ^{[7
]}

Jones, Rena R. ^{[8
]}

Kanagy, Leslie K. ^{[8
,9
]}

Lane, Rachael F. ^{[11
]}

McCleskey, R. Blaine ^{[12
]}

Medgyesi, Danielle ^{[7
]}

Medlock-Kakaley, Elizabeth K. ^{[5
]}

Meppelink, Shannon M. ^{[3
]}

Meyer, Michael T. ^{[11
,12
]}

Stavreva, Diana A. ^{[7
]}

Ward, Mary H. ^{[7
]}

机构：

[1] US Geol Survey, Columbia, SC 29210 USA

[2] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA USA

[3] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA

[4] US Geol Survey, Lawrenceville, NJ USA

[5] US Environm Protect Agcy, Durham, NC USA

[6] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA

[7] NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD USA

[8] US Geol Survey, Lansing, MI USA

[9] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO USA

[10] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA

[11] US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS USA

[12] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA

来源：

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT | 2023年 / 868卷

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

Tapwater contaminants; Private wells; Agricultural health; Human health; Organics; Inorganics; Microbial; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; WASTE-WATER COMPOUNDS; DRINKING-WATER; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE; CONCENTRATION ADDITION; INGESTED NITRATE; SHALLOW SAND; HUMAN HEALTH; CANCER-RISK;

D O I：

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161672

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

In the United States and globally, contaminant exposure in unregulated private-well point-of-use tapwater (TW) is a recognized public-health data gap and an obstacle to both risk-management and homeowner decision making. To help address the lack of data on broad contaminant exposures in private-well TW from hydrologically-vulnerable (al-luvial, karst) aquifers in agriculturally-intensive landscapes, samples were collected in 2018-2019 from 47 northeast Iowa farms and analyzed for 35 inorganics, 437 unique organics, 5 in vitro bioassays, and 11 microbial assays. Twenty- six inorganics and 51 organics, dominated by pesticides and related transformation products (35 herbicide-, 5 insecticide-, and 2 fungicide-related), were observed in TW. Heterotrophic bacteria detections were near ubiquitous (94 % of the samples), with detection of total coliform bacteria in 28 % of the samples and growth on at least one putative-pathogen selective media across all TW samples. Health-based hazard index screening levels were exceeded frequently in private-well TW and attributed primarily to inorganics (nitrate, uranium). Results support incorporation of residential treatment systems to protect against contaminant exposure and the need for increased monitoring of rural private-well homes. Continued assessment of unmonitored and unregulated private-supply TW is needed to model contaminant exposures and human-health risks.

引用

页数：11

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