Enhancing precision in human neuroscience

被引：21

作者：

Nebe, Stephan ^{[1
]}

Reutter, Mario ^{[2
]}

Baker, Daniel H. ^{[3
,4
]}

Boelte, Jens ^{[5
]}

Domes, Gregor ^{[6
,7
]}

Gamer, Matthias ^{[2
]}

Gaertner, Anne ^{[8
]}

Giessing, Carsten ^{[9
]}

Gurr, Caroline ^{[10
,11
]}

Hilger, Kirsten ^{[2
,12
]}

Jawinski, Philippe ^{[13
]}

Kulke, Louisa ^{[14
]}

Lischke, Alexander ^{[15
,16
]}

Markett, Sebastian ^{[13
]}

Meier, Maria ^{[17
,18
]}

Merz, Christian J. ^{[19
]}

Popov, Tzvetan ^{[20
]}

Puhlmann, Lara M. C. ^{[21
,22
]}

Quintana, Daniel S. ^{[22
,23
,24
,25
]}

Schaefer, Tim ^{[10
,11
]}

Schubert, Anna-Lena ^{[26
]}

Sperl, Matthias F. J. ^{[27
,28
]}

Vehlen, Antonia ^{[6
]}

Lonsdorf, Tina B. ^{[29
,30
]}

Feld, Gordon B. ^{[31
,32
,33
,34
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Zurich, Zurich Ctr Neuroecon, Dept Econ, Zurich, Switzerland

[2] Julius Maximilians Univ, Dept Psychol, Wurzburg, Germany

[3] Univ York, Dept Psychol, York, England

[4] Univ York, York Biomed Res Inst, York, England

[5] Univ Munster, Inst Psychol, Otto Creuzfeldt Ctr Cognit & Behav Neurosci, Munster, Germany

[6] Univ Trier, Dept Biol & Clin Psychol, Trier, Germany

[7] Inst Cognit & Affect Neurosci, Trier, Germany

[8] Tech Univ Dresden, Fac Psychol, Dresden, Germany

[9] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Psychol, Biol Psychol, Oldenburg, Germany

[10] Goethe Univ, Univ Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Psychosomat & Psy, Frankfurt, Germany

[11] Goethe Univ, Brain Imaging Ctr, Frankfurt, Germany

[12] Catholic Univ Eichstatt Ingolstadt, Dept Psychol Psychol Diagnost & Intervent, Eichstatt, Germany

[13] Humboldt Univ, Dept Psychol, Berlin, Germany

[14] Univ Bremen, Dept Dev Educ Psychol, Bremen, Germany

[15] Med Sch Hamburg, Dept Psychol, Hamburg, Germany

[16] Med Sch Hamburg, Inst Clin Psychol & Psychotherapy, Hamburg, Germany

[17] Univ Konstanz, Dept Psychol, Constance, Germany

[18] Univ Basel, Univ Psychiat Hosp, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Res Dept UPKKJ, Basel, Switzerland

[19] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Cognit Neurosci, Fac Psychol, Dept Cognit Psychol, Bochum, Germany

[20] Univ Zurich, Dept Psychol, Methods Plast Res, Zurich, Switzerland

[21] Leibniz Inst Resilience Res, Mainz, Germany

[22] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Leipzig, Germany

[23] Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Rare Disorders & Disabil, NevSom, Oslo, Norway

[24] Univ Oslo, KG Jebsen Ctr Neurodev Disorders, Oslo, Norway

[25] Univ Oslo, Norwegian Ctr Mental Disorders Res NORMENT, Oslo, Norway

[26] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Psychol, Mainz, Germany

[27] Univ Giessen, Dept Clin Psychol & Psychotherapy, Giessen, Germany

[28] Univ Marburg & Giessen, Ctr Mind Brain & Behav, Giessen, Germany

[29] Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Syst Neurosci, Hamburg, Germany

[30] Univ Bielefeld, Dept Psychol Biol Psychol & Cognit Neurosci, Bielefeld, Germany

[31] Heidelberg Univ, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Med Fac Mannheim, Dept Clin Psychol, Mannheim, Germany

[32] Heidelberg Univ, Dept Psychol, Heidelberg, Germany

[33] Heidelberg Univ, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Med Fac Mannheim, Dept Addict Behav & Addict Med, Mannheim, Germany

[34] Heidelberg Univ, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Med Fac Mannheim, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Mannheim, Germany

来源：

ELIFE | 2023年 / 12卷

关键词：

human neuroscience; precision; experimental methods; sample size; reliability; generalizability; SKIN-CONDUCTANCE RESPONSE; EEG SOURCE LOCALIZATION; TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY; MODEL-BASED ANALYSIS; EYE-TRACKING DATA; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; DATA QUALITY; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; FMRI; CORTISOL;

D O I：

10.7554/eLife.85980

中图分类号：

Q [生物科学];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Human neuroscience has always been pushing the boundary of what is measurable. During the last decade, concerns about statistical power and replicability - in science in general, but also specifically in human neuroscience - have fueled an extensive debate. One important insight from this discourse is the need for larger samples, which naturally increases statistical power. An alternative is to increase the precision of measurements, which is the focus of this review. This option is often overlooked, even though statistical power benefits from increasing precision as much as from increasing sample size. Nonetheless, precision has always been at the heart of good scientific practice in human neuroscience, with researchers relying on lab traditions or rules of thumb to ensure sufficient precision for their studies. In this review, we encourage a more systematic approach to precision. We start by introducing measurement precision and its importance for well-powered studies in human neuroscience. Then, determinants for precision in a range of neuroscientific methods (MRI, M/EEG, EDA, Eye-Tracking, and Endocrinology) are elaborated. We end by discussing how a more systematic evaluation of precision and the application of respective insights can lead to an increase in reproducibility in human neuroscience.

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