Corrected Long-Term Time-Average Sound Level of Amplitude-Modulated Wind Turbine Noise

Amplitude-modulated noise from a single wind turbine is considered. The time-varying modulation depth Dm and the short time-average sound level LAeq,tau (with tau = 20 s) are measured at the reference distance d*. Due to amplitude modulation, a penalty has to be added to LAeq,tau. The paper shows how to calculate the corrected long-term time-average sound level LAeq,T (with T >> 20 s), which accounts for amplitude modulation at any distance d not equal d*from the wind turbine. The proposed methodology needs to be tested by research.