Analysis of the effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit polyphenols on immune function in mice through gut microbiota and metabolomics: An in vivo preclinical trial study

Various plant polyphenols have been recognized by researchers as functional foods to improve the immune system. Our study showd that Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit polyphenols (RRTP) could regulate the cellular and innate immune functions of mice. In addition, Compared with the normal control group, RRTP could affecting the balance of lymphocyte subsets. Metabolism studies showed that RRTP altered 46 different metabolites, mainly involving amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Moreover, RRTP has a positive regulatory effect on the gut microbiota, the short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) producing bacterias: Blautia, Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Roseburia increased notably. Measurements of SCFAs in the cecum showed significant increases, suggesting that the immunomodulatory effects of RRTP are closely related to SCFAs. In Conclusion, RRTP could regulate the immune system of mice by regulating the balance of metabolites and intestinal microorganisms, RRTP has the potential to be developed as functional ingredients or foods to promote health.