Glass Fillers in Three Different Forms Used as Reinforcement Agents of Polylactic Acid in Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing

被引:14
作者
Vidakis, Nectarios [1 ]
Petousis, Markos [1 ]
Mountakis, Nikolaos [1 ]
Papadakis, Vassilis [2 ]
Charou, Chrysa [1 ]
Rousos, Vasilis [1 ]
Bastas, Pavlos [1 ]
机构
[1] Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Iraklion 71410, Greece
[2] Univ West Attica, Dept Ind Design & Prod Engn, Athens 12243, Greece
来源
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL | 2023年 / 13卷 / 11期
关键词
additive manufacturing (AM); fused filament fabrication (FFF); material extrusion (MEX); 3D printing; polylactic acid (PLA); glass beads; glass flakes; glass powder; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYMER COMPOSITES; MATRIX COMPOSITES; CONTINUOUS CARBON; POLYCARBONATE; RAMAN; PERFORMANCE; INTERFACE; SURFACE;
D O I
10.3390/app13116471
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
The industrial demand for functional filaments made of bio-sourced, biocompatible, biodegradable, and/or recyclable polymers and composites for material extrusion (MEX) 3D printing is continuously growing. Polylactic acid (PLA), the most popular filament, combines such properties, yet its reinforcement with low-cost, inert, and/or recycled fillers remains challenging. Herein, glass in three different micro/nano-forms was the reinforcement agent in PLA. Three different experimental tiers were elaborated by producing composite filaments with glass in powder, beads, and flake forms in various loadings to optimize the concentrations. A thermomechanical process, i.e., melt filament extrusion, was exploited. The composites were evaluated for their thermal degradation stability and composition using thermogravimetric analysis and Raman. MEX 3D printing was used to produce tensile, flexural, impact, and microhardness specimens, to quantitatively evaluate their mechanical response. Field emission scanning electron microscopy evaluation and fractography were carried out to depict fracture patterns of the specimens after their tests. All three glass types induced impressive reinforcement effects (up to 60% in flexural loading), especially in the flake form. The impact of the additional process cost through glass fillers implementation was also assessed, indicating that such composites are cost-effective.
引用
收藏
页数:25
相关论文
共 37 条
  • [21] Biochar filler in MEX and VPP additive manufacturing: characterization and reinforcement effects in polylactic acid and standard grade resin matrices
    Nectarios Vidakis
    Dimitrios Kalderis
    Markos Petousis
    Emmanuel Maravelakis
    Nikolaos Mountakis
    Nikolaos Bolanakis
    Vassilis Papadakis
    Biochar, 5
  • [22] Form exploration on different fabrics using material extrusion based additive manufacturing and end users experience
    Kumar, Ranvijay
    Sandhu, Kamalpreet
    Ranjan, Nishant
    Singh, Sunpreet
    Sarkar, Prabir
    Subburaj, Karupppasamy
    Ramakrishna, Seeram
    JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES, 2023, 101 : 959 - 973
  • [23] Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Antibacterial Filaments-A Case Study of Antimicrobial Properties
    Gruber, Piotr
    Hoppe, Viktoria
    Grochowska, Emilia
    Paleczny, Justyna
    Junka, Adam
    Smolina, Irina
    Kurzynowski, Tomasz
    POLYMERS, 2021, 13 (24)
  • [24] Fabrication and characterization of hollow glass beads-filled thermoplastic composite filament developed for material extrusion additive manufacturing
    Kim, Jung Sub
    Lee, Chang Su
    Lee, Sang Won
    Kim, Sung-Min
    Choi, Jae Hyuk
    Chung, Haseung
    Lee, Pil-Ho
    JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS, 2020, 54 (05) : 607 - 615
  • [25] Material extrusion-based additive manufacturing of sandwiched acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/glass fibers composites: Machine learning approach to model tensile stress
    Kumar, Mohit
    Kumar, Raman
    Kumar, Ranvijay
    POLYMER COMPOSITES, 2024, 45 (16) : 15100 - 15112
  • [26] Material extrusion-based additive manufacturing of structurally controlled poly(lactic acid)/carbon nanotube nanocomposites
    Ali Nadernezhad
    Serkan Unal
    Navid Khani
    Bahattin Koc
    The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2019, 102 : 2119 - 2132
  • [27] Influence of printing parameters and short carbon fibre reinforcement on fatigue behaviour, dimensional accuracy and macrogeometrical deviations of polylactic acid in material extrusion
    Gamboa, Carolina Bermudo
    Martin-Bejar, Sergio
    Vilches, Javier Trujillo
    Hurtado, Lorenzo Sevilla
    COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2023, 242
  • [29] Millimeter-Wave Near-Field Evaluations of Polylactic Acid (PLA) Filament Used in Polymer-Based Additive Manufacturing (AM)
    Ahmadi, Farzaneh
    Al Qaseer, Mohammad Tayeb
    Zoughi, Reza
    RESEARCH IN NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, 2023, 34 (02) : 67 - 82
  • [30] Analysis of manufacturing and material parameters in 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts filled with glass powder: mechanical, economic, and environmental assessment
    Castanon-Jano, Laura
    Palomera-Obregon, Paula
    Blanco-Fernandez, Elena
    Indacoechea-Vega, Irune
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, 2023, 128 (5-6) : 1965 - 1979