Will Earmuffs Improve Neonate Behavior in The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?

Background Modern advanced technologies in the neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU) have created more noise sources of varying frequencies and intensities, increasing the risk of hearing loss in infants. This study aimed to determine the effect of earmuffs on neonatal behavior. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the 13-bed level III-ANICU of a 1,000-bed tertiary care teaching hospital. Preexperimental, one-group pretest, posttest design was adopted in the study. Twenty-seven neonates were selected using nonprobability and purposive sampling techniques. The noise level was checked using a dosimeter (sound level meter SL-4030), the baseline variables were collected, and earmuffs were applied to the neonates for 2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the evening for 3 consecutive days. An observational checklist was used to assess neonatal behavior. Results The mean age in days was 2.19 +/- 0.96, the mean weight in kilograms was 2.92 +/- 0.43, and themean gestational week was 37.56 +/- 1.50. Themean sound level in the NICUwas 56.7+14, whichwas higher than the NICU's recommended noise level. Themost noise-generating events and equipment found in NICU were human-made noise and ventilator bubbling sounds. There was a significant difference in the mean behavioral score among neonates using earmuffs, as the "p-value was< 0.05." However, there was no association between pretest neonatal behavior with baseline data (p> 0.05). Conclusions This study revealed that wearing earmuffs had a beneficial impact on enhancing newborn behavior.