What the geological past can tell us about the future of the ocean's twilight zone

被引:13
作者
Crichton, Katherine A. [1 ,6 ]
Wilson, Jamie D. [2 ,3 ]
Ridgwell, Andy [4 ]
Boscolo-Galazzo, Flavia [1 ,7 ]
John, Eleanor H. [1 ]
Wade, Bridget S. [5 ]
Pearson, Paul N. [1 ]
机构
[1] Cardiff Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Cardiff, Wales
[2] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Bristol, England
[3] Univ Liverpool, Dept Earth Ocean & Ecol Sci, Liverpool, England
[4] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Riverside, CA USA
[5] UCL, Dept Earth Sci, London, England
[6] Univ Exeter, Dept Geog, Exeter, England
[7] Univ Bremen, MARUM, Bremen, Germany
基金
英国自然环境研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT REMINERALIZATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; PALEOCENE; EVOLUTION; ATLANTIC; SENSITIVITY; ECOLOGY; MIOCENE;
D O I
10.1038/s41467-023-37781-6
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Paleontological reconstructions of plankton community structure during warm periods of the Cenozoic (last 66 million years) reveal that deep-dwelling 'twilight zone' (200-1000 m) plankton were less abundant and diverse, and lived much closer to the surface, than in colder, more recent climates. We suggest that this is a consequence of temperature's role in controlling the rate that sinking organic matter is broken down and metabolized by bacteria, a process that occurs faster at warmer temperatures. In a warmer ocean, a smaller fraction of organic matter reaches the ocean interior, affecting food supply and dissolved oxygen availability at depth. Using an Earth system model that has been evaluated against paleo observations, we illustrate how anthropogenic warming may impact future carbon cycling and twilight zone ecology. Our findings suggest that significant changes are already underway, and without strong emissions mitigation, widespread ecological disruption in the twilight zone is likely by 2100, with effects spanning millennia thereafter. Combining geological evidence and modelling, Crichton and others find life in the ocean Twilight Zone (200 m to 1000 m depth) is vulnerable to warming due to lower food supply. High emissions may lead to severe depletion and extinction in this habitat
引用
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页数:11
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