Ensemble-Based Deep Learning Models for Enhancing IoT Intrusion Detection

Cybersecurity finds widespread applications across diverse domains, encompassing intelligent industrial systems, residential environments, personal gadgets, and automobiles. This has spurred groundbreaking advancements while concurrently posing persistent challenges in addressing security concerns tied to IoT devices. IoT intrusion detection involves using sophisticated techniques, including deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and anomaly detection algorithms, to identify unauthorized or malicious activities within IoT ecosystems. These systems continuously monitor and analyze network traffic and device behavior, seeking patterns that deviate from established norms. When anomalies are detected, security measures are triggered to thwart potential threats. IoT intrusion detection is vital for safeguarding data integrity, ensuring users' privacy, and maintaining critical systems' reliability and safety. As the IoT landscape evolves, effective intrusion detection mechanisms become increasingly essential to mitigate the ever-growing spectrum of cyber threats. Practical security approaches, notably deep learning-based intrusion detection, have been introduced to tackle these issues. This study utilizes deep learning models, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM), and gated recurrent units (GRUs), while introducing an ensemble deep learning architectural framework that integrates a voting policy within the model's structure, thereby facilitating the computation and learning of hierarchical patterns. In our analysis, we compared the performance of ensemble deep learning classifiers with traditional deep learning techniques. The standout models were CNN-LSTM and CNN-GRU, achieving impressive accuracies of 99.7% and 99.6%, along with exceptional F1-scores of 0.998 and 0.997, respectively.