Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Agronomy and Utilization: A Review

被引:74
作者
Viskovic, Jelena [1 ,2 ]
Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. [1 ]
Sikora, Vladimir [2 ]
Noller, Jay [3 ]
Latkovic, Dragana [4 ]
Ocamb, Cynthia M. [1 ]
Koren, Anamarija [2 ]
机构
[1] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[2] Inst Field & Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
[3] Global Hemp Innovat Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[4] Univ Novi Sad, Fac Agr, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
来源
AGRONOMY-BASEL | 2023年 / 13卷 / 03期
关键词
hemp cultivation; prohibition; renewal; ESSENTIAL OIL; FIBER HEMP; CULTIVARS; YIELD; QUALITY; BIOMASS; PLANT; PERFORMANCE; VARIETIES; DENSITY;
D O I
10.3390/agronomy13030931
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Currently, there are increased interests in growing grain and fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as well as in large-scale hemp products. Cannabis has been grown/utilized for thousands of years as a fiber, grain, and drug/medicinal plant. However, the strict control of cannabis cultivation to combat illegal use, the spread of new yarns and oilseeds, and the advent of cheap synthetic fibers caused a decreased/eliminated hemp production. Hemp has been banned in most of the world for more than seven decades; it missed out on the Green Revolution and the adoption of new technologies and varieties, creating a knowledge gap. After the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bill in the USA, hemp became legal and the land grand universities launched research programs. The ability to utilize the entire plant for multiple purposes creates opportunity for the market to value hemp products. Hemp production technology varies depending on the type of hemp cultivated (grain, fiber, or cannabinoids), soil characteristics, and environmental factors. Hemp has the potential to be a very sustainable and ecologically benign crop. Hemp roots have a significant potential for absorbing and storing heavy metals such as lead, nickel, cadmium, and other harmful substances. In addition, hemp has been proven to be an excellent carbon trap and biofuel crop. Hemp has the ability to successfully suppress weeds, and it is generally regarded a pesticide-free crop. The purpose of this paper is to examine historic and recent industrial hemp (grain and fiber) literature, with a focus on hemp agronomy and utilization.
引用
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页数:23
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