Technological and economic analysis of electrokinetic remediation of contaminated soil: A global perspective and its application in Indian scenario

被引:16
作者
Akansha, J. [1 ]
Thakur, Somil [1 ]
Chaithanya, M. Sai [1 ]
Sen Gupta, Bhaskar [2 ]
Das, Sovik [3 ]
Das, Bhaskar [1 ]
Rajasekar, N. [4 ]
Priya, K. [4 ]
机构
[1] Vellore Inst Technol, Sch Civil Engn SCE, Dept Environm & Water Resources Engn, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
[2] Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Energy Geosci Infrastruct & Soc, Edinburgh Campus, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland
[3] Indian Inst Technol Delhi, Dept Civil Engn, New Delhi 110016, India
[4] Vellore Inst Technol, Sch Elect Engn, Dept Energy & Power Elect, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
关键词
Soil contamination; Heavy metals; Soil remediation techniques; Electrokinetic treatment; Hybrid; electrokinetic remediation; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; CHROMIUM; BIOREMEDIATION; PHYTOREMEDIATION; PERFORMANCE; REMOVAL; GROUNDWATER; EXTRACTION; PARAMETERS; AMENDMENTS;
D O I
10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24293
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Globally million hectares of land annually is getting contaminated by heavy metalloids like As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Se, with current concentrations in soil above geo-baseline or regulatory standards. The heavy metals are highly toxic, mobile, and persistent and hence require immediate and effective mitigation. There are many available remediation techniques like surface capping, encapsulation, landfilling, soil flushing, soil washing, electrokinetic extraction, stabilization, solidification, vitrification, phytoremediation, and bioremediation which have been evolved to clean up heavy metal-contaminated sites. Nevertheless, all of the technologies have some applicability and limitations making the soil remediation initiative unsustainable. Among the available technologies, electrokinetic remediation (EKR) has been comparatively recognized to mitigate contaminated sites via both in-situ and ex-situ approaches due to its efficiency, suitability for use in low permeability soil, and requirement of low potential gradient. The work critically analyzes the EKR concerning techno, economic, and sustainability aspect for evaluating its application on various substrates and environmental conditions. The current soil contamination status in India is presented and the application of EKR for the heavy metal remediation from soil has been evaluated. The present work summaries a comprehensive and exhaustive review on EKR technology proving its effectiveness for a country like India where the huge amount of waste generated could not be treated due to lack of infrastructure, technology, and economic constraints.
引用
收藏
页数:19
相关论文
共 143 条
[1]  
Abou-Shady A, 2023, S AFR J CHEM ENG, V45, P182, DOI [10.1016/j.sajce.2023.05.011, 10.1016/j.sajce.2023.05.011]
[2]   Analysis of the biological recovery of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons using an electrokinetic treatment [J].
Acosta-Santoyo, Gustavo ;
Solis, Sara ;
Hernandez-Silva, Gilberto ;
Cardenas, Jesus ;
Plank, Zsuzsanna ;
Bustos, Erika .
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 2019, 371 :625-633
[3]   Trace elements contamination in groundwater and associated human health risk in the industrial region of southern Sonbhadra, Uttar Pradesh, India [J].
Ahamad, Arif ;
Raju, N. Janardhana ;
Madhav, Sughosh ;
Khan, A. H. .
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH, 2020, 42 (10) :3373-3391
[4]   Arsenic exposure through drinking groundwater and consuming wastewater-irrigated vegetables in Multan, Pakistan [J].
Amir, Mamoona ;
Asghar, Salman ;
Ahsin, Muhammad ;
Hussain, Shahid ;
Ismail, Amir ;
Riaz, Muhammad ;
Naz, Safina .
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH, 2021, 43 (12) :5025-5035
[5]   Combination of electrokinetic remediation with permeable reactive barriers to remove organic compounds from soils [J].
Andrade, Deborah Cordeiro ;
dos Santos, Elisama Vieira .
CURRENT OPINION IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY, 2020, 22 :136-144
[6]   Electrokinetic remediation of inorganic and organic pollutants in textile effluent contaminated agricultural soil [J].
Annamalai, Sivasankar ;
Santhanam, Manikandan ;
Sundaram, Maruthamuthu ;
Pazos Curras, Marta .
CHEMOSPHERE, 2014, 117 :673-678
[7]   Enhanced Electrokinetic Removal of Heavy Metals from a Contaminated Lake Sediment for Ecological Risk Reduction [J].
Ayyanar, Arulpoomalai ;
Thatikonda, Shashidhar .
SOIL & SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION, 2021, 30 (01) :12-34
[8]   Enhanced electrokinetic remediation (EKR) for heavy metal-contaminated sediments focusing on treatment of generated effluents from EKR and recovery of EDTA [J].
Ayyanar, Arulpoomalai ;
Thatikonda, Shashidhar .
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH, 2021, 93 (01) :136-147
[9]   Phosphate amendments for chemical immobilization of uranium in contaminated soil [J].
Baker, Matthew R. ;
Coutelot, Fanny M. ;
Seaman, John C. .
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL, 2019, 129 :565-572
[10]   A parametric study on numerical simulation of crude oil contaminated site capping [J].
Balkaya, Muge .
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2019, 172 :46-53