Why Do We Feel Like Intellectual Frauds? A Self-Determination Theory Perspective on the Impostor Phenomenon in Medical Students

被引:19
作者
Neufeld, Adam [1 ]
Babenko, Oksana [2 ]
Lai, Hollis [3 ]
Svrcek, Clark [1 ]
Malin, Greg [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, Dept Family Med, 3330 Hosp Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
[2] Univ Alberta, Dept Family Med, Med Educ Res, Edmonton, AB, Canada
[3] Univ Alberta, Fac Med & Dent, Dept Dent, Edmonton, AB, Canada
[4] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Acad Family Med, Undergrad Med Educ, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
关键词
Impostor phenomenon; imposter syndrome; motivation; self-determination theory; medical students; CAUSALITY ORIENTATIONS SCALE; WORK-LIFE BALANCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY; NEED SATISFACTION; PERCEIVED LOCUS; MOTIVATION; AUTONOMY; BURNOUT; PREVALENCE; PHYSICIANS;
D O I
10.1080/10401334.2022.2056741
中图分类号
G40 [教育学];
学科分类号
040101 ; 120403 ;
摘要
Theory: Impostor phenomenon (IP) refers to people's feelings of intellectual fraudulence and fear of being "discovered," despite contradicting evidence of success. Due to its association with burnout and distress, it is progressively being studied in medicine. While various explanations for IP have been discussed in the literature, the role of motivation has largely been neglected. Hypotheses: Using self-determination theory (SDT) as a lens, it was hypothesized that different general causality orientations (impersonal, control, autonomy), domain-specific types of motivation (autonomous vs. controlled) toward going to medical school, and levels of satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) in the medical program, would each predict severity of IP symptoms. Method: A total of 1,450 medical students from three Canadian institutions were invited to complete a survey containing the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale and scales derived from SDT's mini theories: basic psychological needs theory, causality orientations theory, and organismic integration theory. We explored the prevalence of IP among the students and used regression to capture variable relationships, accounting for gender effects. Results: Data from 277 (19.1%) students were assessed, 73% of whom reported moderate or worse IP symptoms. Having an impersonal general causality orientation, more controlled motivation toward going to medical school, and lower need satisfaction in the medical program, each related to increased IP severity. Together, these motivational factors accounted for 30.3%, 13.6%, and 21.8% of the variance in students' IP severity, respectively. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that students who are more self-determined (both in general and in medical school), and whose basic psychological needs are more supported in their medical program, will experience less frequent and severe IP symptoms. Preliminary explanations and implications of these findings are discussed within the medical education context.
引用
收藏
页码:180 / 192
页数:13
相关论文
共 92 条
[1]   The effects of power, leadership and psychological safety on resident event reporting [J].
Appelbaum, Nital P. ;
Dow, Alan ;
Mazmanian, Paul E. ;
Jundt, Dustin K. ;
Appelbaum, Eric N. .
MEDICAL EDUCATION, 2016, 50 (03) :343-350
[2]   Do graduate entry nursing student's experience 'Imposter Phenomenon'?: An issue for debate [J].
Aubeeluck, Aimee ;
Stacey, Gemma ;
Stupple, Edward J. N. .
NURSE EDUCATION IN PRACTICE, 2016, 19 :104-106
[3]   Autonomy-Supportive Medical Education: Let the Force Be Within You! [J].
Baldwin, Constance D. ;
Craig, Mark S. ;
Garfunkel, Lynn C. ;
Harris, J. Peter ;
Shone, Laura P. ;
Biondi, Eric ;
Cellini, Melissa M. ;
Varade, William S. .
ACADEMIC MEDICINE, 2012, 87 (11) :1468-1469
[4]   Self-Determination Theory and Diminished Functioning: The Role of Interpersonal Control and Psychological Need Thwarting [J].
Bartholomew, Kimberley J. ;
Ntoumanis, Nikos ;
Ryan, Richard M. ;
Bosch, Jos A. ;
Thogersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie .
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN, 2011, 37 (11) :1459-1473
[5]  
Beck M.F., 2017, The Nebraska Educator, V3, P12, DOI DOI 10.13014/K2X63JT1
[6]   Racial Discrimination, Racial Identity, and Impostor Phenomenon: A Profile Approach [J].
Bernard, Donte L. ;
Hoggard, Lori S. ;
Neblett, Enrique W., Jr. .
CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY, 2018, 24 (01) :51-61
[7]   Applying the big five personality factors to the impostor phenomenon [J].
Bernard, NS ;
Dollinger, SJ ;
Ramaniah, NV .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT, 2002, 78 (02) :321-333
[8]  
Bicholkar A., 2018, INT J COMMUNITY MED, V6, P355, DOI DOI 10.18203/2394-6040.IJCMPH20185272
[9]   The Imposter Syndrome, or the Mis-Representation of Self in Academic Life [J].
Bothello, Joel ;
Roulet, Thomas J. .
JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, 2019, 56 (04) :854-861
[10]   Prevalence, Predictors, and Treatment of Impostor Syndrome: a Systematic Review [J].
Bravata, Dena M. ;
Watts, Sharon A. ;
Keefer, Autumn L. ;
Madhusudhan, Divya K. ;
Taylor, Katie T. ;
Clark, Dani M. ;
Nelson, Ross S. ;
Cokley, Kevin O. ;
Hagg, Heather K. .
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2020, 35 (04) :1252-1275