Benign Bone Tumors: State of the Art in Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Interventions

Painful benign bone tumors most commonly affect pediatric patients and young adults. They may be associated with skeletal-related events such as intractable pain, pathologic fracture, neurologic deficit as a consequence of nerve or spinal cord compression, as well as growth disturbance. Consequently, they often result in diminished activity and adversely affect quality of life. There have been substantial recent advances in percutaneous minimally invasive image-guided interventions for treatment of painful benign bone tumors including thermal ablation (radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, microwave ablation, laser photo-coagulation, and high-intensity focused US ablation), chemical (alcohol) ablation, cementoplasty, and intralesional injections. The safety, efficacy, and durability of such interventions have been established in the recent literature and as such, the role of musculoskeletal interventional radiologists in the care of patients with benign bone lesions has substantially expanded. The treatment goal of minimally invasive musculoskeletal interventions in patients with benign bone tumors is to achieve definitive cure. The authors detail the most recent advances and available armamentarium in minimally invasive image-guided percutaneous interventions with curative intent for the management of benign bone tumors.