Energy, exergy, economic, exergoeconomic, exergoenvironment, and enviroeconomic (6E) analysis of solar stills-A critical review

Drinking water is a crucial need for human survival and solar stills (SSs) have emerged as a cost-effective solution to meet this need from an economic point of view. In this work, the working of various SSs, their productivity factors, and various devices that can be integrated to improve their efficiency have been studied. The conversion of saline water into freshwater water using SSs has the potential to address the issue of drinking water. This study highlights the importance of SSs as a viable and sustainable solution for drinking water access. On the basis of various parameters correlating to the performance of the SSs, energy, exergy, economics, exergoeconomics, exergoenvironment, and enviroeconomics analysis has been analyzed in this study. To improve the performance and sustainability of SSs, various combinations were studied. These combinations include SSs with different nanoparticle coatings, phase-change materials, photovoltaic modules, external condensers, wick materials, and reflectors. It is concluded that a comprehensive framework that integrates thermodynamic, economic, and environmental criteria can guide the development of more efficient and sustainable SS technologies. Setup of a double slope solar still: With the aim of looking into the efficacy of solar stills (SSs) as a cost-effective solution for converting saline water into freshwater, the paper examines various factors, like, energy, exergy, economics, and environmental impact. The research also emphasizes the significance of integrating nanoparticle coatings, phase-change materials, photovoltaic modules, external condensers, wick materials, and reflects to optimize the performance of the SS.image