[1] Univ North Carolina UNC, Project Malawi, Bag A 104, Lilongwe, Malawi
[2] Kamuzu Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lilongwe, Malawi
[3] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[4] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[5] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
[6] Univ Michigan, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI USA
[7] Partners Hope, Lilongwe, Malawi
[8] Univ Zambia, Dept Hlth Policy, Sch Publ Hlth, Lusaka, Zambia