Phytoremediation Prospects for Restoration of Contamination in the Natural Ecosystems

被引：24

作者：

Khan, Shaista ^{[1
]}

Masoodi, Tariq H. ^{[1
]}

Pala, Nazir A. ^{[1
]}

Murtaza, Shah ^{[1
]}

Mugloo, Javeed A. ^{[1
]}

Sofi, Parvez A. ^{[1
]}

Zaman, Musaib U. ^{[2
]}

Kumar, Rupesh ^{[3
]}

Kumar, Amit ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Sher e Kashmir Univ Agr Sci & Technol Kashmir, Fac Forestry, Srinagar 191201, Jammu & Kashmir, India

[2] Sher E Kashmir Univ Agr Sci & Technol Kashmir, Coll Agr Engn & Technol, Srinagar 190025, Jammu & Kashmir, India

[3] O P Jindal Global Univ, Jindal Global Business Sch JGBS, Sonipat 131001, Haryana, India

[4] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Hydrol & Water Resources, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China

来源：

WATER | 2023年 / 15卷 / 08期

关键词：

ecosystem; degradation; contamination; restoration; concentration; HEAVY-METALS; SOILS; WATER; PHYTOEXTRACTION; TOXICITY; REMOVAL; PLANTS; WASTE; PHYTOSTABILIZATION; DEGRADATION;

D O I：

10.3390/w15081498

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Toxic substances have a deleterious effect on biological systems if accrued in ecosystems beyond their acceptable limit. A natural ecosystem can become contaminated due to the excessive release of toxic substances by various anthropogenic and natural activities, which necessitates rehabilitation of the environmental contamination. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and cost-efficient method of biotechnological mitigation for the remediation of polluted ecosystems and revegetation of contaminated sites. The information provided in this review was collected by utilizing various sources of research information, such as ResearchGate, Google Scholar, the Scopus database and other relevant resources. In this review paper, we discuss (i) various organic and inorganic contaminants; (ii) sources of contamination and their adverse effects on terrestrial and aquatic life; (iii) approaches to the phytoremediation process, including phytoextraction, rhizoremediation, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, rhizofiltration, phytodegradation, phytodesalination and phytohydraulics, and their underlying mechanisms; (iv) the functions of various microbes and plant enzymes in the biodegradation process and their potential applications; and (v) advantages and limitations of the phytoremediation technique. The reported research aimed to adequately appraise the efficacy of the phytoremediation treatment and facilitate a thorough understanding of specific contaminants and their underlying biodegradation pathways. Detailed procedures and information regarding characteristics of ideal plants, sources of heavy metal contamination, rhizodegradation techniques, suitable species and removal of these contaminants are put forward for further application. Scientists, planners and policymakers should focus on evaluating possible risk-free alternative techniques to restore polluted soil, air and water bodies by involving local inhabitants and concerned stakeholders.

引用

页数：22

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