Trends of breastfeeding indicators in Brazil from 1996 to 2019 and the gaps to achieve the WHO/UNICEF 2030 targets

被引：16

作者：

Boccolini, Cristiano Siqueira ^{[1
]}

Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino ^{[2
]}

Bertoni, Neilane ^{[3
]}

Oliveira, Natalia ^{[4
]}

Alves-Santos, Nadya Helena ^{[5
]}

Farias, Dayana Rodrigues ^{[4
]}

Crispim, Sandra Patricia ^{[6
]}

Carneiro, Leticia Barroso Vertulli ^{[7
]}

Schincaglia, Raquel Machado ^{[4
]}

Giugliani, Elsa Regina Justo ^{[8
]}

de Castro, Ines Rugani Ribeiro ^{[9
]}

Kac, Gilberto ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Informat Saude, Inst Comunicacao & Informacao Cient & Tecnol Saude, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[2] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro, Dept Nutricao & Dietet, Inst Nutr Josue Castro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[3] Inst Nacl Canc, Div Pesquisa Populac, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[4] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro, Observ Epidemiol Nutr, Inst Nutr Josue Castro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[5] Univ Fed Do Sul & Sudeste Para, Inst Estudos Saude & Biol, Maraba, Brazil

[6] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Nutr, Curitiba, Brazil

[7] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro, Inst Estudos Saude Colet, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[8] Univ Fed Rio Grande Do Sul, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Porto Alegre, Brazil

[9] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Inst Nutr, Dept Nutr Social, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

来源：

BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH | 2023年 / 8卷 / 09期

关键词：

Nutrition; Public Health; Child health; IMPLEMENTATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INITIATION; WORK;

D O I：

10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012529

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

Background The comprehension of breastfeeding patterns and trends through comparable indicators is essential to plan and implement public health policies.Objective To evaluate the trends of breastfeeding indicators in Brazil from 1996 to 2019 and estimate the gap to achieve the WHO/UNICEF 2030 targets in children under 5 years.Methods Microdata from two National Surveys on Demography and Health of Women and Children (PNDS-1996 and PNDS-2006) and the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition-2019 were used. The indicators of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), exclusive breastfeeding of infants 0-5 months of age (EBF<6 mo), continued breastfeeding at 1 year of age (CBF1yr) and CBF at 2 years of age (CBF2yr) were analysed using prevalence and 95% CI. The average annual variation and years to achieve the WHO/UNICEF 2030 targets were calculated for Brazil and the macroregions. Statistical analyses considered the survey's complex sample design for each database.Results EIBF increased from 36.3% (95% CI 33.6% to 39.0%) in 1996 to 60.9% (95% CI 56.5% to 65.3%) in 2006 (statistically significant) and 62.5% (95% CI 58.3% to 66.6%) in 2019. EBF<6 mo increased from 26.9% (95% CI 21.3% to 31.9%) in 1996 to 39.0% (95% CI 31.0% to 47.1%) in 2006 and 45.8% (95% CI 40.9% to 50.7%) in 2019 (significant increases for 1996-2019 for Brazil, Northeast and Midwest regions). CBF1yr rose from 36.6% (95% CI 30.8% to 42.4%) in 1996 to 48.7% (95% CI 38.3% to 59.0%) in 2006, and 52.1% (95% CI 45.4% to 58.9%) in 2019. CBF2yr increased from 24.7% (95% CI 19.5% to 29.9%) in 1996 to 24.6% (95% CI 15.7% to 33.5%) in 2006 and 35.5% (95% CI 30.4% to 40.6%) in 2019 (significant increase for 1996-2019). The South and Southeast regions need to double the 2019 prevalence to reach the target for the CBF1yr and CBF2yr; the Northeast and North need to increase 60% the current prevalence for the indicator of EBF<6 mo.Conclusion A substantial improvement in breastfeeding indicators occurred in Brazil from 1996 to 2019, although at an insufficient rate to achieve the WHO/UNICEF 2030 targets.

引用

页数：11

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