General well-being of intensive care nurses: A prototype analysis

Background Prototype analyses of well-being have identified central characteristics and prototypicality for New Zealand teachers, lawyers, adolescents, and work well-being of nurses. What has not yet been explored is the broad construct of well-being in intensive care nurses. Aims and objectives To identify intensive care nurses' conceptions of general well-being and investigate whether their general well-being is prototypically organized. Design Prototype analysis. Methods Three linked studies conceptualize well-being in this prototype analysis. In study 1, nurses reported features of well-being. Study 2 investigated the organization of these features. Study 3 sought confirmation of prototypical organization. Results Sixty-five New Zealand nurses participated. For study 1 (n = 23), the most frequently reported elements of well-being included physical health (n = 26), work-life balance (n = 20), and personal relationships (n = 18). For study 2 (n = 25), the highest rated elements included mental and emotional health, [general] health, work-life balance, and love. Work-life balance, physical health, and personal relationships were in the top five most frequently reported and were rated in the top 12 most central. Overall, ratings of centrality and the number of times reported were positively correlated (r = 0.33, P < .005). For study 3 (n = 17), confirmatory analyses did not reach statistical significance (P = .15). Conclusions Physical health, work-life balance, and personal relationships are key characteristics of well-being for intensive care nurses. Mental, emotional, and general health and work-life balance were considered most important for well-being. Relevance to clinical practice Physical health, work-life balance, and personal relationships are key characteristics of well-being for intensive care nurses. These characteristics of the broad construct of well-being are helpful in both defining and identifying conceptual models of well-being that may be used to inform the development and measurement of well-being programmes.