Adapting the Dietary Fat and Free Sugar Short Questionnaire: A Comprehensive Polish Modification for Enhanced Precision in Nutritional Assessments

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether The Dietary Fat and Free Sugar-Short Questionnaire (DFS) is a reliable and valid measure that can be used in Polish conditions. It involved 291 participants, aged 14 to 70 (M = 25.9, SD = 10.1), the majority of whom were women (75%). Methods: The questionnaire consisted of, among others, Polish DFS version, FFQ-6, TFEQ, and SCOFF. Test-retest reliability was established on the group of 26 students with a 2-week interval. Participants' percentage of energy intake from both free sugars and saturated fats based on FFQ was correlated with DFS total and subscales scores. To investigate convergent and divergent validity, DFS scores with TFEQ correlations were performed. Diagnostic validity was established based on difference analysis between groups with the risk of eating disorders and those without the risk of those based on SCOFF. Results: Test-retest reliability (rtr = 0.856) and internal consistency (alpha = 0.797) indicated excellent reliability. DFS correlated significantly with FFQ for both total scores (r = 0.82) and each subscale: sugar (0.79), fat (0.75), and fat-sugar (0.59). The correlations of DFS and TFEQ were statistically significant for cognitive restraint (r = 0.32) and uncontrolled eating (r = 0.19). There also have been found significant differences based on SCOFF regarding DFS. Conclusions: The results suggest good reliability and validity of the Polish version of DFS.