Generation of Green Renewable Energy Through Anaerobic Digestion Technology (ADT): Technical Insights Review

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is becoming the one of the best choices to harness renewable bioenergy. Anaerobic digestion of organic waste has involved different types of biological disintegration from hydrolysis to methanogenesis. During this AD, pH, temperature, organic loading rate, and hydraulic retention time are the key indicators for process stabilization. However, the appropriate concentration of volatile fatty acids, ammonia, and sulfur is also important to lead the AD activity with optimum biodegradation and bioenergy generation. There are a number of advanced treatment modifications that have been researched for increased understanding about the AD technology in recent years. These modifications include pretreatments of substrate via chemicals, biological, and mechanical/physical means. All these pretreatments have revealed some eye-opening advancements in the AD method with optimum bioenergy recovery. With these AD process alterations, the exposure of the AD technology to nanotechnology has created new interest among scientists and researchers to seek more technical insights in recent years. This review paper summarizes the role of all key basic factors of the AD process and its recent advancements to achieve maximum green bioenergy.