A Passive Channel Measurement and Analysis Based on a 5G Commercial Network in V2I Communications

To acquire accurate channel characteristics for 5G New Radio (NR) vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, in this paper, we propose a 5G passive channel measurement platform based on software defined radio devices and 5G user equipment. Different from active measurement platforms, the proposed measurement platform only requires a receiver and the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) periodically transmitted by the 5G commercial base stations is used as the measurement waveform. The channel impulse response can be computed based on the CSI-RS signal extracted from the received waveform and the standard CSI-RS signal generated according to the signaling information. By using the proposed 5G passive channel measurement platform, we carry out wireless channel measurement for V2I communications in typical urban scenarios. Further, based on the measurement, the small-scale channel fading characteristics including the power delay profile, the number of multipaths, the delay spread of multipaths, and the Ricean K-factor are analyzed.