Performance analysis and design optimization of avionics devices with single-phase submerged jet cooling

This study primarily aims to investigate the flow distribution and heat transfer characteristics of submerged jet cooling for the avionics server module. A comparison of flow and heat transfer performance between different submerged jet arrays with variable hole diameter (D) and hole pitch (S) is carried out by using three-dimensional numerical simulation. The results of temperature and streamline distribution show that the flow structure in the avionics server model can be subdivided into flow convection region, jet impingement region, and cross-flow region. Due to the drift phenomenon caused by horizontal crossflow being more obvious, the cross-flow region was very large for (D = 2, S = 4), but the jet impingement region was observably smaller than that of (D = 4, S = 16) and (D = 5, S = 25). Parameter studies show that the average heat transfer performance at (D = 4, S = 20) is observably better with average temperature was 46.5 & DEG;C and average Nusselt number was 13.25. The highest local heat transfer rate was found at (D = 5, S = 10) with the minimum of maximum temperature and maximum local Nusselt number were 71.5 & DEG;C and 181.09, respectively. The analysis of partial first-order derivative of the pressure drop (& UDelta;P(S,D)) and thermal resistance (Rtot(S,D)) shows that the pressure drop was less sensitive to variations in any D and S showed a positive effect on the heat transfer performance. Multi-objective optimization of the submerged jet array is further studied based on the response surface method with the & UDelta;P and Rtot as the objectives. Additionally, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution were used to improve the accuracy of Pareto solutions. These Pareto solutions demonstrate that parameters D and S exhibit a clean function relationship, and the flow and heat transfer performance of the avionics server module was best matched with pressure drop was 6.05 kPa and thermal resistance was 0.145 & DEG;C/W at (D = 5, S = 10).