Assessment of cardiopulmonary point-of-care ultrasound objective structured clinical examinations in graduating anesthesiology residents across multiple residency programs

Study objective: To implement and assess a cardiopulmonary point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) objective struc-tured clinical examination (OSCE) in a large cohort of graduating anesthesia residents.Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: University-affiliated hospitals.Subjects: 150 graduating anesthesia residents in their last nine months of training. Interventions: A standardized cardiopulmonary OSCE was administered to each resident.Measurements: The cardiac views evaluated were parasternal long axis (PLAX), apical 4 chamber (A4C), and parasternal short axis (PSAX). The pulmonary views evaluated were pleural effusion (PLE) and pneumothorax (PTX). In addition, a pre-and post-exam survey scored on a 5-point Likert scale was administered to each resident.Main results: A4C view (mean 0.7 +/- 0.3) scored a lower mean, compared to PSAX (mean 0.8 +/- 0.3) and PLAX (mean 0.8 +/- 0.4). Residents performed well on the PTX exam (mean 0.9 +/- 0.3) but more poorly on the PLE exam (mean 0.6 +/- 0.4). Structural identification across cardiac and pulmonary views were mostly high (means >0.7), but advanced interpretive skills and maneuvers had lower mean scores. Pre-and post-OSCE survey results were positive with almost all questions scoring >4 on the Likert scale.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that a cardiopulmonary POCUS OSCE can be successfully implemented across multiple anesthesia training programs. While most residents were able to perform basic ultrasound views and identify structures, advanced interpretive skills and maneuvers performed lower.