Optimization and analysis of Spectral/Spatial optical code division multiple access passive optical network

The deployment of high-capacity transport networks while maintaining strict cost constraints is a formidable challenge for network operators in the era of networks beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G. This work explores the use of a 2D spectral-spatial optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) passive optical network (PON). It optimizes the conventional architecture to minimize the cost of deployment while maintaining desirable transmission capacity. Optimization is performed by developing a PON architecture with 2D double-weight zero crosscorrelation (DW-ZCC) code that is able to support high capacity through ideal auto and cross-correlation properties. Furthermore, time delay units are employed after the spectral and spatial encoding process to minimize the use of long-span parallel optical fiber path and reduce the overall cost of deployment. Simulation analysis demonstrates that the proposed system is able to support 128 subscribers, each communicating at 10 Gbps data over a system sensitivity of approximately -21 dB. Capital expenditure (CapEx) analysis also demonstrates the effectiveness of the system optimization and reports substantial cost cuts in deploying the proposed architecture compared with the conventional counterpart.