Security Assessment of Urban Drinking Water Sources Based on TOPSIS Method: A Case Study of Henan Province, China

The evaluation of drinking water source security in the area of large-scale urbanization is conducive to maintaining urban security and human health. A comprehensive quantitative evaluation method has been established based on TOPSIS. Twelve indicators from three aspects, water quantity, water quality, risk warning and emergency response capability, are included in the evaluation index system. The weight of these indicators are calculated by AHP. TOPSIS is used to obtain the security index in different periods, and GIS method is used to draw the spatial distribution map of security grade. The evaluation method is applied to the security evaluation of urban drinking water sources in Henan Province, China. The results show that the overall safety of drinking water sources has improved, but it is still at the "basic safety" level. The security level of each city is closely related to watershed characteristics, water resources allocation and industrial layout. The paper puts forward some suggestions to enhance the safety of urban drinking water source.