Research Progress and Modification Measures of Anode and Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) work similarly to lithium-ion batteries, but they cost less and are safer. However, the battery has some shortcomings, such as low energy density and poor stability, which hinder its development and application. The development of electrode materials with low cost and high-performance characteristics is a hot and difficult point in the research of SIBs. In this paper, the existing sodium ion cathode and anode materials are systematically reviewed. Firstly, the electrochemical structures and properties of various cathode and anode materials were introduced, and the limitations of cathode and anode materials of SIBs were analyzed. Based this, the current modification methods were summarized, such as surface coating of materials, doping of heteroatoms and metal elements to improve the electrochemical performance. In this paper, the research progress and modification measures of SIBs are summarized and prospected. It is helpful to further improve its comprehensive performance and lay a foundation for the future application of cathode and anode materials for SIBs. Sodium-ion batteries: This article mainly provides a systematic review of electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries. Introduction was made to electrode materials such as prussian blue analogues, transition metal oxides, polyanionic compounds, and carbon based materials. Analyzed the limitations of cathode and anode materials for sodium ion batteries, and summarized the current methods based on this. By using methods such as surface coating, heteroatom and metal element doping to modify the material, the electrochemical performance is improved, laying the foundation for the future application of cathode and anode materials in sodium-ion batteries.image