Investigating blockchain technology adoption intention model in halal food small and medium enterprises: moderating role of supply chain integration

Blockchain infrastructures' promising benefits and tremendous growth revolutionised supply chain; especially for the highly concerned industry with integrity issues such as halal food. Drawing on the technology, organisation, environment framework and diffusion of innovation theory, this study investigates the factors that affect halal food SMEs (HFSMEs). The questionnaires covering 500 halal-certified SMEs were conducted in Malaysia. The results showed that the theory of diffusion of innovation (DOI) and technological-organisational-environmental (TOE) model was tested with 175 respondents, showing top management support, trialability, external support, and competitive pressure are the critical factors influencing HFSMEs' intention to adopt BT. In contrast, relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, uncertainty and security, observability, organisational readiness, and government regulations show no effect on intention. In addition, supply chain integration (SCI) is a moderating factor in diffusing BT.