Potential distribution of marsupials (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) in Mexico under 2 climate change scenarios

被引:2
|
作者
Ortiz-Acosta, Miguel a [1 ,2 ]
Galindo-Gonzalez, Jorge [2 ]
Castro-Luna, Alejandro A. [2 ]
Mota-Vargas, Claudio [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Biotecnol & Ecol Aplicada, Ciencias Ecol & Biotecnol, Ave Culturas Veracruzanas 101, Xalapa 91090, Veracruz, Mexico
[2] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Biotecnol & Ecol Aplicada INBIOTECA, Ave Culturas Veracruzanas 101, Xalapa 91090, Veracruz, Mexico
[3] Inst Ecol AC, Red Biol Evolut, Km 2-5 Carretera Antigua Coatepec 351, Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico
关键词
climate change effects; conservation; marsupials; Mexico; protected natural area; species distribution model; areas naturales protegidas; conservacion; efectos del cambio climatico; modelo de distribucion de especies; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; EXTINCTION RISK; GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; CONSERVATION; VIRGINIANA; DIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; SURFACES; IMPACTS; MAXENT;
D O I
10.1093/jmammal/gyad101
中图分类号
Q95 [动物学];
学科分类号
071002 ;
摘要
Climate change is one of the main threats to biodiversity in the 21st century. However, the effects that it may have on different mammal species are unknown, making it difficult to implement conservation strategies. In this paper, we used species distribution models (SDM) to assess the effect of global climate change on the potential distribution of the 8 of the 9 marsupial species in Mexico, and analyzed their distribution in the current system of natural protected areas (NPAs). We used presence records for each species and bioclimatic variables from the present and the future (2050 and 2080) with 2 contrasting possible scenarios (representative concentration pathways RCP 4.5 and 8.5). We found that Tlacuatzin canescens would have the most stable potential range under any climate change scenario, while the remaining species (Caluromys derbianus, Chironectes minimus, Didelphis marsupialis, D. virginiana, Philander opossum, Marmosa mexicana, and Metachirus nudicaudatus) would undergo notable range losses in the future, though there would not only be losses-according to our SDMs, for all species there would be some range gain under the different climate scenarios, assuming the vegetation cover remained. The current system of NPAs in Mexico currently protects and under the 2 future scenarios would protect less than 20% of the potential range of marsupials, so a reevaluation of their areas beyond the NPAs is highly recommended for the long-term conservation of this group. Our results provide relevant information on the estimated effects of global climate change on marsupials, allowing us to design more effective methodologies for the protection of this portion of the mammalian fauna in Mexico. Southern Mexico has the highest marsupial richness, and protected areas harbor less than 20% of their potential distribution both at present and in the future. El cambio climatico es una de las principales amenazas a la biodiversidad en el siglo XXI. Sin embargo, se desconocen los efectos que pueda tener sobre las diferentes especies de mamiferos, dificultando la implementacion de estrategias para su conservacion. En este estudio, empleamos Modelos de Distribucion de Especies (SDM) para evaluar el efecto del cambio climatico global sobre la distribucion potencial de ocho de las nueve especies de marsupiales registradas en Mexico, analizando ademas su distribucion en el actual sistema de areas Naturales Protegidas (ANP). Utilizamos registros de presencia de cada especie y variables bioclimaticas del presente y del futuro (2050 y 2080) con dos escenarios contrastantes (RCP 4.5 y RCP 8.5). Encontramos que Tlacuatzin canescens mostrara el area de distribucion potencial mas estable ante cualquier escenario de cambio climatico. Por el contrario, el resto de las especies (Caluromys derbianus, Chironectes minimus, Didelphis marsupialis, Didelphis virginiana, Philander opossum, Marmosa mexicana y Metachirus nudicaudatus) presentaran notables perdidas de area de distribucion en el futuro. Sin embargo, tambien encontramos que no solo habra perdidas, ya que de acuerdo con nuestros SDM todas las especies mostraran cierta ganancia de area de distribucion bajo los diferentes escenarios climaticos, en el supuesto de que permanezca la cubierta vegetal. El actual sistema de ANP en Mexico protege y, bajo los dos escenarios futuros, protegera menos del 20% del area de distribucion potencial de los marsupiales, por lo que es altamente recomendable reevaluar sus areas de extension para la conservacion de este grupo a largo plazo. Nuestros resultados proporcionan informacion relevante de los efectos probables del cambio climatico sobre los marsupiales, lo que permite generar metodologias mas efectivas para la proteccion de los mamiferos en Mexico.
引用
收藏
页码:85 / 97
页数:13
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