A novel strategy to optimize the liquid cooling plates for battery thermal management by precisely tailoring the internal structure of the flow channels

Liquid cooling plate (LCP) is widely used in liquid cooling technology for battery thermal management (BTM), and numerous investigations have been devoted to the design of the LCP shape and the macroscopic cooling structures. Here, we focus on an effective but neglected strategy of optimizing the internal structure of the LCPs to enhance the cooling performance. As inspired by the baffle plates commonly adopted in heat exchangers, splitters with various numbers and patterns are introduced into the flow channels of the LCPs, and the rela-tionship between the internal structure and the temperature-control performance of the LCPs are thus investi-gated. The results show that the increase of the splitter numbers within a certain range effectively reduces the temperature and temperature difference. Furthermore, in spite of the relatively high energy consumption, the double-side pattern with a splitter number of 20-30 demonstrates the optimal cooling effect for the battery modules. These encouraging results may raise concerns about constructing a suitable internal structure of the LCPs more precisely to realize a target-oriented application, particularly those targeting higher cost-efficiency.