Land use changes of mangrove swamp in Malaysia: A systematic review

Mangrove is a valuable ecological resource. Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in providing wood resources, habitat for various species, accumulation sites for sediments, carbon, and nutrient, providing protection from erosion, acting as a buffer zone, and stabilizing coastlines and riverbanks. This has resulted in various levels of modification in mangrove land use to meet human needs. Various research and articles have been conducted around the world on the land use changes in tropical mangrove swamps with the use of remote sensing technology and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The objective of this study is to review the effectiveness of remote sensing technology and GIS in determining land use change in mangrove forest areas in Malasyia. This study summarizes the mangrove study results by using GIS according to its specifications in Malaysia from year 2001 to 2021. The systematic review is a method that analyzes the results of the process and sources from Google Scholar (n=125), Scopus (n=10), and Web of Science (WoS) (n=9). The findings show that remote sensing and GIS applications have been widely used in the study of mangrove forests in recent years and contribute to the monitoring of land use changes in the mangrove forest area. The findings also reveal parameters for land use and vegetation indices that have been used in the current issue of mangrove land use change in tropical areas. This study also supports the 14th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) which focuses on the conservation and protection of oceans and coastal areas in a sustainable manner and recognizes the value of mangroves in the community.