Diabetes mellitus: definition, classification, diagnosis, screening and prevention (Update 2023)

被引:100
作者
Harreiter, Juergen [1 ]
Roden, Michael [2 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Med Univ Wien, Univ Klin Innere Med 3, Abt Endokrinol & Stoffwechsel, Vienna, Austria
[2] Leibniz Zent Diabet Forsch, Deutsch Diabet Zent DDZ, Inst Klin Diabetol, Dusseldorf, Germany
[3] Heinrich Heine Univ, Univ Klinikum Dusseldorf, Med Fak, Klin Endokrinol & Diabetol, Dusseldorf, Germany
[4] Deutsch Zent Diabet Forschung DZD eV, Munchen Neuherberg, Germany
关键词
Diabetes mellitus; Hyperglycemia; Glucose intolerance; Impaired fasting glucose; Prediabetes; Obesity; Screening; Prevention; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; DOUBLE-BLIND; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; FASTING GLUCOSE; TYPE-2; RISK; METAANALYSIS; INDIVIDUALS;
D O I
10.1007/s00508-022-02122-y
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Diabetes mellitus comprises of a group of heterogeneous disorders, which have an increase in blood glucose concentrations in common. The current classification for diabetes mellitus is presented and the main features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are compared. Furthermore, the criteria for the correct biochemical diagnosis during fasting and oral glucose tolerance tests as well as the use of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are summarized. The increasing prevalence of diabetes requires targeted screening for detecting diabetes and prediabetes in risk groups. This forms the basis for the early initiation of measures to prevent the onset of diabetes in these risk groups and to delay the progression of diabetes.
引用
收藏
页码:7 / 17
页数:11
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