More Than Race? Intragroup Differences by Gender and Age in Perceptions of Police Among Street-Identified Black Men and Women

被引:1
作者
Hitchens, Brooklynn K. [1 ,5 ]
Miller, Jeanee C. [2 ]
Payne, Yasser Arafat [3 ]
Sun, Ivan Y. [3 ]
Castillo, Isabella [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Maryland, Dept Criminol & Criminal Justice, College Pk, MD USA
[2] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Sociol & Criminal Justice, Norfolk, VA USA
[3] Univ Delaware, Dept Sociol & Criminal Justice, Newark, DE USA
[4] Arizona State Univ, Dept Criminol & Criminal Justice, Tempe, AZ USA
[5] Univ Maryland, Dept Criminol & Criminal Justice, 2153 Lefrak Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
关键词
attitudes toward police; gender; race; interaction effects; Street Participatory Action Research; MULTIPLE-REGRESSION; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; LEGAL CYNICISM; NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT; RESIDENTS ATTITUDES; CRIME; RACE/ETHNICITY; VICTIMIZATION; LEGITIMACY; YOUTH;
D O I
10.1037/lhb0000544
中图分类号
D9 [法律]; DF [法律];
学科分类号
0301 ;
摘要
Objective: Whereas studies have documented racial differences in attitudes toward police between White and Black Americans, relatively little is known about the intragroup, gender-based variations among urban Black residents involved in criminal activity (i.e., street-identified men and women). Hypotheses: We hypothesized Black women would be more likely to believe in police legitimacy and positive intent than men (Hypothesis 1), especially among the younger segment of the sample (Hypothesis 2). We also expected this relationship to be moderated by contact with police (Hypothesis 3) and experiences with victimization (Hypothesis 4). Method: Using survey data, this Street Participatory Action Research project examined the direct and interactional relationships between gender, age, involuntary police contact, personal victimization, and participants' perceptions of police legitimacy and positive intent. Participants included 515 street-identified Black men (40.4%; n = 208) and women (59.6%; n = 307), ages 18-35 years, from two high-crime neighborhoods in Wilmington, Delaware. Results: Women had significantly higher perceptions of police legitimacy than did men (Hypothesis 1). While older participants tended to have lower perceptions that the police behave with positive intent, age did not moderate the relationship between gender and perceptions of police (Hypothesis 2). The relationship between gender and perceptions of positive police intent was moderated by involuntary police contact (Hypothesis 3) and experiences of victimization (Hypothesis 4). Conclusions: Contrary to existing literature, prior involuntary police contact mattered more for street-identified Black women than men in predicting perceptions of police. Experiences of victimization were also more impactful for these perceptions for street-identified Black women than men. Men's perceptions of positive police intent were consistent, regardless of the frequency of police contact, whereas women's favorable perceptions declined with more police contact and victimization experiences, and they eventually became more critical of the police than their male counterparts.
引用
收藏
页码:634 / 653
页数:20
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